Classification of fire dampers, smoke exhaust dampers, and smoke exhaust fire dampers

Classification of fire dampers

1.Fire damper and fire control valve, normally open, closed at 70 degrees, usually installed at the location where the air duct passes through the firewall, play a role in fire shutdown, and can be set to output electrical signals. When the smoke level exceeds 70 degrees, the valve will close and the interlock supply (supplement) fan will close;

2.Smoke and fire control regulating valve, normally open, 70 degree closed, the same, but with an additional electrical signal input, can be remotely controlled to close from the fire control room. It is generally used in the shared air duct system for normal air supply and fire ventilation, and can control the closure of rooms that do not require ventilation during a fire
3.Fire damper, 280 degree fuse closure, normally open, outputs an electrical signal, similar to 1, but with a different fuse temperature. It is generally used at the location where the smoke exhaust pipe passes through the firewall. When the smoke temperature exceeds 280 degrees, it automatically fuses and closes, and can be interlocked to shut down the smoke exhaust fan.
IISmoke exhaust valve:

1.Smoke exhaust fire dampers (normally closed, open by electrical signal, closed by 280 degree fuse, or manually closed) are generally used in smoke exhaust systems. They can be installed at the suction inlet of the smoke exhaust fan, controlled to open by the fire control room in case of a fire, and can also be interlocked to close the smoke exhaust fan when closed.

2.Smoke exhaust valve, similar to the above 3, has different names for each unit. Some are called smoke exhaust valves based on their operating temperature, while others are called fire dampers based on their intended use. However, for the equipment side, they only replace the melting metal of ordinary fire dampers with the one that melts at 280 degrees Celsius

3.Fully automatic smoke exhaust and fire damper (for subway engineering) The fire and smoke exhaust valves of underground railway ventilation and air conditioning systems have the function of linkage control with automatic fire alarm equipment and gas fire extinguishing systems. Each fully automatic smoke and fire damper has two independent electric control signals, which are monitored by EMCS and gas suppression system respectively. The control signals are both DC24V ± 10% signals. Each fully automatic smoke and fire damper has six independent feedback signals (three open and three closed), all of which are normally open passive contact signals.
Smoke exhaust outlet: If you have installed necessary smoke exhaust valves on the pipeline, use ordinary single-layer louver vents; Otherwise, a plate type smoke exhaust outlet with a smoke exhaust fire damper mechanism is required.

threeRegarding smoke exhaust fire dampers
The fire prevention issue of ventilation and air conditioning systems in civil buildings mainly involves preventing cross fire and smoke in air ducts, as well as the combustion of pipe fittings and materials. Fire departments in various regions have strict regulations on pipes and insulation materials, which are relatively easy to implement. Therefore, the setting and selection of fire dampers have become the main issues in the fire protection design of air conditioning professionals.
1. The role of fire dampers and some issues in fire prevention regulations. Installing fire dampers on the supply and return air ducts of air conditioning systems has three functions

a)Prevent fires from spreading to other areas through air ducts;

b)Prevent smoke from spreading to other areas through the air duct;

c)Prevent fires from burning smoke exhaust fans or equipment.
Therefore, fire dampers can be divided into fire dampers, smoke dampers, and smoke exhaust dampers according to their functions.
There are 5 regulations for the installation location of fire dampers. In order to meet the regulations, fire dampers must be installed in the following areas in the specific design:

a)Fire dampers are installed on the air supply and return ducts that pass through fire compartments, including those that pass through firewalls, partition walls, and floor slabs;

b)Ventilation, air conditioning room supply and return air ducts that pass through the partition walls and floor slabs of the computer room;

c)Passing through rooms with high fire hazards, passing through the supply and return air ducts at the partition walls and floor slabs of important rooms;

d)The air duct passing through the deformation joint is located on both sides of the deformation joint;

e)Vertical ducts are connected to horizontal ducts on each floor.