Dust removal and explosion-proof systemIt is a safety and environmental protection equipment designed specifically for handling combustible dust generated in industrial production processes. It integrates dust collection, filtration and purification, and explosion prevention and control, and is widely used in industries with dust explosion risks such as wood processing, metal polishing, grain processing, chemical, pharmaceutical, plastic, and 3D printing. Its core goal is to eliminate or suppress the five elements of dust explosion (combustible dust, oxygen, ignition source, dust cloud, enclosed space) while efficiently removing dust, ensuring personnel safety and production continuity.
The system usually consists of explosion-proof vacuum hood, air duct, dust collector (such as bag type, filter cartridge type or cyclone type), explosion-proof disc, explosion-proof valve, spark detection and extinguishing device, inerting system and automatic control system. All components are designed according to explosion-proof standards (such as ATEX, IECEx, GB 15577), using conductive materials, grounding measures, and spark free structures to prevent static electricity accumulation or mechanical friction from triggering ignition. When the system detects abnormal temperature rise, sparks, or sudden pressure increase, it can be linked to initiate emergency shutdown, spray inerting (such as nitrogen or carbon hydrogen sodium dry powder), or rapid isolation, effectively blocking the path of explosion propagation.
Dust removal and explosion-proof systemPreparation before installation:
1. Working condition analysis
Clearly define the type of dust (such as metal, sawdust, chemicals), characteristics (Kst value, ignition temperature), concentration, and processing air volume. These parameters are the basis for selecting dust removal equipment and designing system configurations.
For example, for flammable and explosive metal dust, it is necessary to choose dust removal equipment with higher explosion-proof levels and ensure that the system has sufficient explosion-proof area.
2. System Design
Based on the analysis of working conditions, design a reasonable pipeline diameter and wind speed (usually 15-25m/s), adopt anti backflow design, and avoid dust accumulation in blind spots.
Choose a first level dust collector (such as explosion-proof bag type) and explosion-proof fan that comply with ATEX or GB standards.
Use conductive materials (such as stainless steel 316L) to make pipes and boxes, and cross connect flanges with copper braided tape (resistance<1 Ω) to ensure electrical continuity and prevent static electricity accumulation.
The inclination of the pipeline is ≥ 45 °, and a dust cleaning port is set every 6 meters to facilitate the cleaning of accumulated dust.
The spacing between brackets should not exceed 3 meters, and the curvature radius of the elbow should be ≥ 1.5 times the pipe diameter to reduce turbulence and minimize the risk of dust deposition.
When placed outdoors, the distance between the explosion vent and the building should be ≥ 10 meters, and the pressure relief area should be ≥ 0.04m ³/m ³ (according to NFPA 68), to ensure that the explosion will not cause harm to surrounding personnel and equipment.
The ash hopper is equipped with a level gauge and temperature sensor, and the air lock ash discharge valve needs to have an IP65 protection level to prevent dust leakage and external moisture from entering.
The insulation level of the motor is ≥ F level, equipped with a vibration monitoring device, and the impeller is treated with static dissipation (surface resistance<10 ⁶ Ω) to ensure safe operation of the motor.
The explosion-proof valve is installed within 2 meters of the inlet of the dust collector, equipped with a differential pressure switch (response time<50ms). Once abnormal pressure is detected, the valve is quickly closed to prevent explosion propagation.
The spark detector is placed in the straight section of the pipeline and linked with the sprinkler system (reaction time ≤ 0.1 seconds) to detect and extinguish sparks in a timely manner, preventing the ignition of dust.
3. Equipment and material preparation
According to the system design requirements, prepare suitable dust removal equipment, pipelines, valves, sensors, and other components.
Check the quality of equipment and components to ensure they are intact and meet the specified technical specifications and requirements.
Prepare the necessary tools and auxiliary equipment, such as vacuum pipes, elbows, flanges, filters, fans, etc.
4. On site investigation and layout
Conduct a survey of the installation site to confirm whether the layout design and selection of equipment meet actual needs.
Determine a reasonable pipeline layout plan and connection method to avoid safety hazards or inconvenient operation in the later stage.
Develop emergency plans to respond to potential emergencies and ensure smooth safety production.