HBZhan Content Introduction:Gate opening and closing machineAlso known as a gate, it is a large hydraulic machinery product. We can also call it a water gate. The machinery used to open and close the gate. Also known as gate operation equipment. The gate opening and closing machine is related to the normal operation of hydraulic structures. In addition to meeting the design requirements of general lifting machinery, it has special significance in terms of safe and reliable operation and flexible and convenient operation.
　　
Classification of screw type opening and closing machines
　　
Screw type hoists can be divided into: dual-purpose manual and electric screw type hoists, manual push screw type hoists, side swing type hoists, manual screw type hoists, etc., which use threaded rods directly or through guide sliders and connecting rods to connect with the gate blades, and move the screws up and down to open and close the gate. The screw is supported inside the load-bearing nut, and the nut and transmission mechanism (bevel gear transmission or worm gear transmission) are fixed on the support frame.
　　
Connect the power supply or use a manual hand crank to drag the transmission mechanism, which drives the load-bearing nut to rotate and lift the screw to open and close the gate. The screw is a compression rod component that requires downward pressure to force the gate to descend, and the stability of the compression rod should be calculated. The screw type hoist has a simple structure, is sturdy and durable, and has a low cost. It is suitable for small flat and curved gates, and its opening and closing force is generally below 200kN. 500kN and 750kN large capacity screw hoists have also been produced for the operation of submerged hole level gates and radial gates.
　　
Winch type hoist
　　
A mechanical device that uses steel cables or steel cable pulley groups as lifting devices connected to gates, and drives the lifting of the hoist by winding and releasing the steel cables through a gear transmission system, also known as a steel wire rope fixed hoist. It has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture, with convenient maintenance and repair, and is widely used for the opening and closing of various types of gates. The winch hoist is divided into two types: single lifting point and double lifting point. The double lifting point hoisting hoist is a synchronous operation that connects two single lifting point hoists together through a connecting shaft, and can be driven on one side or both sides.
　　
A winch hoist is usually a device used for one gate, installed on a gate pier above the top of the gate slot. The capacity of the winch hoist produced and put into operation in China has reached: opening force of 6000kN, opening and closing stroke of 30m, and opening force of 4000kN, opening and closing stroke of 120m.
　　
Hydraulic opening and closing machine
　　
A hoist that connects a piston rod to a gate and uses liquid pressure as power to push the piston up and down the gate. Liquids are generally made of mineral oil, so they are often referred to as hydraulic opening and closing machines. High pressure oil is transported by an oil pump through pipelines. The hydraulic hoist has a simple body structure, small footprint, smooth transmission, convenient control, high manufacturing accuracy, and is widely used for opening and closing various forms of gates. The main components of a hydraulic opening and closing machine include: piston rod, hydraulic cylinder, oil supply and discharge pipeline system, and oil pump motor unit.
　　
According to the force condition of the piston rod, it can be divided into one-way hydraulic opening and closing machines and two-way hydraulic opening and closing machines. The gate can be closed by relying on its own weight to descend, and a one-way hydraulic hoist can be used; When the gate cannot descend smoothly due to its own weight and pressure needs to be applied to the upper part of the gate body to close it, a bidirectional hydraulic hoist is selected.
　　
The force conditions of each component and the hydraulic operating system of the bidirectional hydraulic hoist are relatively complex, but the layout is compact and can eliminate the additional weight (such as weighting blocks) required for the gate to descend. It is mostly used for the operation of down the hole high-pressure gates. The gate with dual lifting points can be operated synchronously by two hydraulic hoists of the same type. The opening force of hydraulic gate closing machines produced in China has reached 6000kN. The hydraulic gate closing machines used in power stations by the Soviet Union have an opening force of 9000kN and a closing force of 11100kN.
　　
Mobile opening and closing machine
　　
Mechanical equipment that moves along a specially laid track and can sequentially lift and lower several rows or columns of gates. There are various types of mobile opening and closing machines, mainly including:
　　
① According to the direction of movement of the lifting device, it can be divided into one-way moving hoist and two-way moving hoist. The former lifting device only moves left and right along the dam surface line; The latter can not only move left and right along the axis of the dam, but also move upstream and downstream.
　　
② According to the condition of the mobile frame, it can be divided into trolley mobile gantry crane and gantry mobile gantry crane (also known as gantry crane or gantry crane). The main lifting mechanism of the former is set on a flat frame type trolley with walking wheels installed at the bottom; The main lifting mechanism of the latter is set on a door shaped frame equipped with walking wheels. The main lifting mechanism of the one-way mobile hoist is directly fastened to the upper plane of the trolley or door shaped frame; The main lifting mechanism of the bidirectional mobile hoist is set on a small car on the plane of the trolley or door shaped frame, and the direction of the trolley's movement along the track is perpendicular to the direction of the trolley or door shaped frame's movement. Usually also known as a bi-directional mobile trolley or door shaped frame, it is referred to as a large frame.
　　
The trolley type mobile hoist usually travels on the concrete frame at or above the top plane of the gate slot, while the gate type mobile hoist only travels on the top plane of the gate slot. Sometimes rotary cantilever hooks are also installed on the gantry legs of the gantry crane to lift other equipment, thus forming a multi-purpose gantry mobile crane. The mobile gantry crane produced in China has a lifting capacity of 5000kN and a lift of 140m. The mobile gantry crane at the Sayan Shushensk hydropower station in the Soviet Union has a lifting capacity of 7100kN and a lift of 17.5m.