German FESTO cylinder diameter and stroke, cylinder diameter, i.e. the diameter of the cylinder

1、 Definition and function of cylinder diameter and stroke for FESTO cylinders in Germany

1. Cylinder diameter: refers to the diameter of the inner wall of the FESTO cylinder in Germany (unit: mm), which directly determines the force area of the piston. For example, the standard cylinder diameter series includes 32mm, 40mm, 50mm, etc. (refer to ISO 6431 standard). The larger the cylinder diameter, the stronger the output force, but the corresponding increase in air consumption.

2. Stroke: The linear distance (unit: mm) that the piston moves in a FESTO cylinder in Germany, commonly ranging from 10mm to 1000mm. The length of the stroke affects the speed and space occupation of the cylinder. For example, short stroke cylinders (such as 50mm) are suitable for high-frequency reciprocating motion, while long stroke cylinders (such as 500mm) are suitable for large-scale pushing.

>Additional explanation: The product of cylinder diameter and stroke can calculate the theoretical displacement of the cylinder (V=π r ² × stroke), which is an important reference for selection. For example, a cylinder with a diameter of 50mm and a stroke of 100mm has a displacement of approximately 196.3cm ³.

2、 Analysis of other key parameters

1. Working pressure: usually 0.1~1.0MPa (1~10bar), low-pressure cylinders (0.1~0.3MPa) are used for light loads, and high-pressure cylinders (0.6~1.0MPa) are suitable for heavy loads.

2. Output force calculation: The formula is F=P × A (pressure × piston area). Taking a cylinder diameter of 40mm and a pressure of 0.6MPa as an example, the output force is approximately 753.6N (refer to "Fundamentals of Pneumatic Technology").

3. Buffer type: divided into no buffer, rubber buffer, or hydraulic buffer. Long stroke cylinders (>200mm) need to be equipped with buffers to avoid impact losses.

3、 Selection suggestions in practical applications

-High precision scenarios (such as assembly lines): Priority should be given to small cylinder diameters (≤ 25mm)+short stroke, paired with magnetic switch positioning.

-Heavy load scenarios (such as lifting mechanisms): require a large cylinder diameter (≥ 63mm)+medium to long stroke, and verify whether the output meets the standard.

>Data reference: The German FESTO cylinder standard specifies the general parameter range of the cylinder, with a cylinder diameter of 12~320mm, stroke ≤ 2000mm, and a pressure resistance of 1.5 times the rated pressure.

Based on the above analysis, the cylinder diameter and stroke of the German FESTO cylinder are the core of cylinder design, but they need to be comprehensively evaluated in combination with parameters such as pressure and load to achieve an efficient and stable pneumatic system.

The cylinder diameter, which refers to the diameter of the FESTO cylinder in Germany, and the distance that the piston can reach during up and down movement, also known as the stroke, constitute one of the structural characteristics of the core of internal combustion engines. This proportional relationship has a profound impact on multiple key performance indicators of internal combustion engines, including but not limited to scavenging efficiency, heat transfer, power output, and fuel consumption rate. Furthermore, it will also determine the design and dimensions of various components of the engine, thereby having a fundamental impact on the engine's vibration, weight indicators, and service life.

In two-stroke gasoline engines, the commonly used mechanism is the recirculation scavenging mechanism, which uses fresh mixture to push the exhaust gas out of the cylinder. In this scenario, the cleaner the exhaust gas is discharged and the less fresh mixture is wasted, the higher the power output of the engine and the lower the fuel consumption rate.

The ratio of stroke to cylinder diameter also affects scavenging efficiency. When this ratio is too high, more exhaust gas will remain in the cylinder, increasing the difficulty of scavenging, and the degree of mixing between fresh mixture and exhaust gas will increase, thereby reducing the quality of scavenging. In addition, a larger proportion can lead to an increase in cylinder surface area, thereby exacerbating the loss of thermal energy.

On the contrary, if the ratio of stroke to cylinder diameter is too small, the shape of the cylinder will tend towards a flattened cylindrical shape, which will make it difficult for fresh mixed gas to form effective scavenging reflux, making it easier to mix with residual exhaust gas, thereby reducing scavenging quality. At the same time, the flame propagation distance of the mixture during combustion will increase, making it difficult for combustion to proceed fully, thereby affecting the combustion quality.