Bipolar membrane electrodialysis for acid-base preparation is developed based on the principles of water dissociation and ordinary electrodialysis. It is composed of a bipolar membrane replacing part of the anion and cation membranes of ordinary electrodialysis or adding a bipolar membrane between the anion and cation membranes of ordinary electrodialysis. The bipolar membrane electrodialysis method is not only used for preparing acids and bases, but if cleverly combined with a unipolar membrane, it can achieve multiple functions and be used in multiple fields.
The acid-base preparation of bipolar membrane electrodialysis is based on the functional characteristics of bipolar membranes. Currently, bipolar membrane electrodialysis technology is mainly applied in the following areas in China:
1. Preparation of acids and bases from inorganic salts, such as sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium nitrate, etc
2. Preparation of organic acids and bases from organic acid salts, such as sodium malate, sodium tartrate, gluconic acid, etc;
3. Preparation of organic bases and acids from organic alkali salts, such as desulfurizer amine solutions, organic hydrochloride products, etc.
It is not difficult to understand that the main battlefield of bipolar membranes is high salt wastewater, resource recycling, and clean production of organic products.
The saline wastewater in the park can contain one or more types of salts such as sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium nitrate, etc. These types of parks, such as electroplating parks, printing and dyeing/chemical parks, hazardous/solid waste treatment parks, etc., have places where the acid and alkali generated by bipolar membranes can be directly used.
Acid base preparation of bipolar membrane electrodialysisIt is a new type of ion exchange composite membrane, which is usually composed of a cation exchange layer and an anion exchange layer. Using membrane materials with different charge densities, thicknesses, and properties under different composite conditions, bipolar membranes with different properties and applications can be made. The basic principle of these applications is the dissociation of water molecules at the interface layer of the bipolar membrane under reverse pressure (also known as bipolar membrane hydrolysis dissociation), which decomposes water into hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions.
Based on the principles of water dissociation and ordinary electrodialysis, it has been developed by replacing some of the negative and positive membranes of ordinary electrodialysis with bipolar membranes or adding bipolar membranes between the negative and positive membranes of ordinary electrodialysis.
Its basic application is to prepare corresponding acids (HX) and bases (MOH) from salt solution (MX), and the feed solution enters the three chamber electrodialysis membrane stack. Under the action of a direct current electric field, salt anions (X -) enter the acid chamber through the anion exchange membrane and dissociate with hydrogen ions from the bipolar membrane to generate acids (HX); And the salt cation (M+) enters the base chamber through the cation exchange membrane, where it dissociates with the hydroxide ions of the bipolar membrane to form a base (MOH).