HS-814 Total Lead Monitoring Instrument

HS-814 Total Lead Monitoring Instrument

Application field

The total lead online analyzer is used for automatic continuous analysis and detection of total lead in industrial wastewater, surface water, drinking water, seawater, and industrial production process control.

Main Features

The unique design enables this product to have a lower failure rate, lower maintenance, lower reagent consumption, and higher cost-effectiveness compared to similar products.

★ Optical components: Choose the rare dual beam used in domestic online monitoring instruments, which is not affected by various environmental factors during detection. Automatically correct system errors, improve instrument measurement accuracy, stability, and repeatability.

★ Select valve components: Use original imported components from the United States, Japan, or Germany. International mainstream fluid components with smaller dead volume and simpler operation.

★ Measurement component: Accurate measurement of reagents is achieved through a visual photoelectric system, overcoming quantitative errors caused by wear of peristaltic pump tubes; At the same time, accurate quantification of trace reagents has been achieved, with each dose being only 1-5 milliliters, greatly reducing the amount of reagents used.

★ Sample injection component: Peristaltic pump negative pressure suction, there is always an air buffer zone between the reagent and the pump tube to avoid corrosion of the pump tube.

★ Sealed digestion component: High temperature and high pressure digestion system accelerates the reaction process and overcomes the corrosion of equipment caused by the volatilization of corrosive gases in open systems.

★ Reagent tube: Imported modified PTFE transparent hose with a diameter greater than 1.5mm is used to reduce the probability of particle blockage in water samples.

★ Signal processing: The instrument adopts imported high-precision analog-to-digital conversion chips, greatly enhancing the scalability of the core board, adapting to various usage environments, and making the operation of the instrument easier and more user-friendly.

★ Temperature control: An accurate temperature control system is composed of imported temperature measuring components, and temperature compensation technology is adopted to overcome the influence of temperature drift and ensure that the sample reaction conditions are more in line with requirements.

★ Software advantages:

1. The entire software system framework and external facilities of the instrument make human-computer interaction more convenient and functional applications more complete;

2. The pollution caused by different water quality on special sites during the instrument measurement process can be set in real-time, greatly reducing the instrument failure rate caused by this problem and making the measurement data more accurate;

3. The instrument has an automatic calibration mode. After automatic calibration, the instrument returns to automatic mode and runs according to the user's set parameters, without the need for staff to monitor the entire process, greatly reducing maintenance time and improving maintenance efficiency;

4. Instrument measurement of water samples is divided into online mode (i.e. automatic mode) and offline mode (i.e. manual mode). In offline mode, calibration tubes are used for measurement, without the need to remove the water sample tube from the sampling port or cup, making maintenance more convenient;

5. The instrument can store 200000 pieces of data and the data can be exported with just one click;

Main technical parameters

★ Measurement range: 0-0.5 mg/L (can be expanded according to actual conditions)

★ Accuracy: ± 10%

★ Repeatability: ± 10%

★ Measurement cycle: The minimum measurement cycle is 30 minutes

★ Sampling period: time interval (adjustable from 20 to 9999 minutes) and whole point measurement mode.

★ Calibration cycle: 1 to 99 days, adjustable at any interval and time.

★ Maintenance cycle: Generally once a month, about 30 minutes each time.

★ Output: RS-232, RS485, 4-20mA, 0-5V

★ Environmental requirements: For indoor environments with adjustable temperature, it is recommended to have a temperature range of+5-28 ℃; Humidity ≤ 90% (non condensing).

★ Power supply: AC230 ± 10% V, 50 ± 10% Hz, 5A.

★ Size: Height 1500 x Width 550 x Depth 450mm.

★ Other: Abnormal alarms and power outages will not result in data loss. Touch screen display and command input. After abnormal reset and power outage, the instrument will automatically discharge residual reactants and restore working status.

Background related to lead

Sources of lead pollution:

Lead is a heavy metal with the heaviest mass among all metals, and it is toxic. Among all known toxic substances, lead is recorded the most in books. There are records in ancient books that suggest the danger of using lead pipes to transport drinking water.

The industrial pollution of lead comes from wastewater and waste generated from mining, smelting, rubber production, dyeing, printing, ceramics, lead glass, soldering, cables, and lead pipes. In addition, tetraethyl lead in car exhaust is a highly toxic substance. When water is contaminated with lead (Pb 0.3-0.5mg/L), it significantly inhibits the self purification effect of water, and when it is 2-4mg/L, the water becomes turbid.

The hazards of lead:

5-10% of lead entering the digestive tract through drinking water and food is absorbed by the human body. The absorption and deposition rate of lead inhaled into the lungs through the respiratory tract is 30-50%. Tetraethyl lead can not only enter the body through the respiratory and digestive tracts, but also through the skin. 90-95% of the lead that invades the body forms insoluble lead phosphate [Pb3 (PO4) 2], which deposits in the bones, while the rest is excreted through the excretory system. The levels of lead in blood and urine in the human body can reflect the absorption of lead in the body. When the blood lead content is greater than 80 micrograms per 100 milliliters (normally less than 40 micrograms per 100 milliliters) and the urine lead content is greater than 80 micrograms per liter (normally less than 50 micrograms per liter), it is considered excessive lead absorption in the body. Lead accumulated in bones can be converted back into soluble lead dihydrogen phosphate (PbHPO4) and enter the bloodstream, causing endogenous lead poisoning when exposed to overwork, trauma, fever, infectious diseases, calcium deficiency, or ingestion of acidic or alkaline drugs that alter the blood acid-base balance. Lead mainly damages the bone marrow hematopoietic system and nervous system, and also causes certain damage to the male reproductive glands. The main cause of anemia in the hematopoietic system is due to lead interference with heme synthesis. Another cause of anemia caused by lead is hemolysis. There is a type of adenosine triphosphate enzyme on the normal red blood cell membrane. This enzyme can control the distribution of potassium, sodium ions, and water inside and outside the red blood cell membrane. When this enzyme is inhibited by lead, the distribution of potassium, sodium ions, and water inside and outside the red blood cell membrane becomes uncontrollable, causing the loss of potassium ions and water inside the red blood cell and leading to hemolysis.

The damage of lead to the nervous system is caused by peripheral neuropathy, resulting in motor and sensory disorders. In addition, lead flows into brain tissue with the blood, damaging cells in the cerebellum and cerebral cortex, interfering with metabolic activity, causing insufficient supply of nutrients and oxygen, leading to swelling of endothelial cells in small capillaries in the brain, and ultimately developing into diffuse brain damage. People who frequently come into contact with low concentrations of lead may experience headaches, dizziness, fatigue, memory loss, and insomnia when their blood lead reaches 60-80 micrograms per 100 milliliters, often accompanied by digestive system symptoms such as loss of appetite, constipation, and abdominal pain.

Children's brains are more sensitive to lead pollution than adults. Lead in the atmosphere can have adverse effects on children's intellectual development and behavior. When children's blood lead exceeds 60 micrograms per 100 milliliters, they may experience intellectual developmental disorders and behavioral abnormalities. Lead can also cause damage to the growth and development of children's bones, such as increasing the density, width, and narrowing of the calcified zone at the end of the long shaft epiphysis. Lead can also penetrate the mother's placenta and invade the fetus's body and brain tissue.

The principle of lead determination:

In a specific environment, lead reagents form stable complexes with lead ions under heating conditions, and the content of lead is measured by spectrophotometry at a fixed wavelength through absorbance.