Precious metal catalysts for the petroleum industry

Precious metal catalysts for the petroleum industryIt is a precious metal material that can change the rate of chemical reactions without itself participating in the reaction products. Almost all precious metals can be used as catalysts, but commonly used ones are platinum, palladium, rhodium, silver, ruthenium, etc. Among them, platinum and rhodium are particularly widely used. Their electronic orbitals are not fully filled, and the surface is prone to adsorb reactants with moderate strength, which is conducive to the formation of intermediate 'active compounds' and has high catalytic activity. At the same time, they also have comprehensive excellent characteristics such as high temperature resistance, oxidation resistance, and corrosion resistance, making them important catalyst materials. It is highly valued for its excellent activity, selectivity, and stability, and is widely used in reactions such as hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, oxidation, reduction, isomerization, aromatization, cracking, synthesis, etc. It plays a very important role in the fields of chemical engineering, petroleum refining, petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, environmental protection, and new energy.

Deactivation of antioxidant VOCs precious metal catalysts refers to the phenomenon where catalysts lose their activity due to various factors during use. The causes of deactivation of precious metal catalysts are generally divided into three categories: poisoning, sintering and thermal deactivation, coking, and blockage.

Precious metal catalysts for the petroleum industryclassification

According to the type of catalytic reaction, precious metal catalysts can be divided into two categories: homogeneous catalysis and heterogeneous catalysis. Catalysts for homogeneous catalysis are usually soluble compounds (salts or complexes), such as palladium chloride, rhodium chloride, palladium acetate, rhodium carbonyl, triphenylphosphine carbonyl rhodium, etc. The catalyst used in multiphase catalysis is an insoluble solid, mainly in the form of metal wire mesh and metal supported on porous inorganic carriers. The application range and dosage of metal wire mesh catalysts (such as platinum mesh and silver mesh) are limited. The vast majority of heterogeneous catalysts are supported on noble metals such as Pt/A12O3, Pd/C, Ag/Al2O3, Rh/SiO2, Pt Pd/Al2O3, Pt Rh/Al2O3, etc. In the entire catalytic reaction process, heterogeneous catalytic reactions account for 80% to 90%. According to the shape of the carrier, supported catalysts can be divided into particulate, spherical, columnar, and honeycomb shapes. According to the main active metals of catalysts, commonly used catalysts include silver catalysts, platinum catalysts, palladium catalysts, and rhodium catalysts.

application

Precious metal catalysts are highly valued for their excellent activity, selectivity, and stability, and are widely used in hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, oxidation, reduction, isomerization, aromatization, cracking, synthesis, and other reactions. They play a very important role in the fields of chemical engineering, petroleum refining, petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, environmental protection, and new energy.