Medical wastewater treatment equipment - Industrial wastewater treatment equipment

1. Understand the characteristics and hazards of hospital sewage

1.1 Characteristics of Hospital Wastewater: Compared to industrial wastewater and ordinary domestic wastewater, hospital wastewater has complex composition, large sewage volume, and severe pollution. Toxic and harmful substances are present in hospital wastewater

It can be divided into four categories:

(1) Germs, viruses, parasitic eggs, etc., such as hepatitis virus, tuberculosis virus, Escherichia coli, dysentery bacillus, parasitic eggs, etc;

(2) Various organic chemical substances, such as drugs and metabolites, residual reagents used in clinical and pharmaceutical technology departments, disinfectant and detergent residues, etc;

(3) Radioactive pollutants and heavy metal ions, such as radioactive isotopes, mercury, lead, silver, chromium ions;

(4) Solid waste, such as pathological cuts, drug residues and instrument fragments, gauze bandages, etc.

Hospitals use a large amount of water, so the amount of sewage discharged is also large, about 8-10 times the sewage production of residential areas of the same scale. The hospital sewage is severely polluted. In one liter of untreated hospital sewage, there are at least 500000 infectious viruses, over 200000 coliforms, and 30-40 parasitic eggs.

1.2 The harmfulness of hospital sewage. Many viruses and bacteria in hospital sewage have the ability to resist environmental physical and chemical factors and can survive in sewage for a long time. If sewage pollutes soil, crops, water sources, especially above ground water sources, it is likely to spread diseases and even cause large-scale outbreaks of epidemics. Diseases such as hepatitis, dysentery, cholera, tuberculosis, etc. Almost all large-scale outbreaks of infectious diseases both domestically and internationally are related to contact and consumption of contaminated water.

2. Master the theoretical knowledge of hospital sewage treatment. Choose the correct treatment process

2.1 Primary and Secondary Treatment of Hospital Sewage According to the different depths of sewage treatment, the hospital sewage treatment process is divided into primary sewage treatment and secondary sewage treatment. Primary sewage treatment refers to the process of removing solid impurities (such as floating solids, suspended solids, sediments, etc.), a portion of dissolved organic pollutants, and impurities that affect the physical properties of sewage (such as color, turbidity, etc.) through physical and chemical methods such as interception, sedimentation, filtration, air flotation, fermentation, etc., and then using disinfectants to kill various bacteria, viruses, harmful microorganisms, etc. in sewage. The process flow and functions of primary sewage treatment are relatively simple. The main structures include septic tanks, grid wells, sedimentation tanks, contact tanks, and other facilities. The main control indicators for primary treatment include: pH value, chromaticity, turbidity, volatile matter, ammonia nitrogen, number of coliform bacteria, total bacterial count, etc.Medical wastewater treatment complete equipment

Secondary sewage treatment refers to the process of using biochemical methods to treat sewage on the basis of primary sewage treatment, that is, using the life activities of microorganisms to convert complex organic matter in sewage into simple organic or inorganic matter, thereby removing organic pollutants from hospital sewage. The secondary sewage treatment structure has added biological filtration tanks, aeration tanks, sludge tanks, etc. on top of the primary structure. The control indicators for secondary treatment are the addition of organic pollutant control indicators on the basis of primary indicators, such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BODS), and other indicators. When the first level sewage treatment cannot meet the standards for hospital sewage, the second level sewage treatment method should be adopted.Medical wastewater treatment complete equipment