02,05,2026 16 views
The pharmaceutical industry is involved in one of the 12 key industries for national environmental governance monitoring. Firstly, due to the large input of raw materials and low output ratio in the drug production process, most of the substances in the production process are ultimately discarded in the form of waste, leading to prominent pollution problems; Secondly, the main sources of environmental pollution are the exhaust gas, wastewater, and waste residue generated during the manufacturing process; Secondly, the pharmaceutical industry has fast product updates, small production scales, and a wide variety of products The production process is complex and pollution control is difficult. Currently, there are nearly 2000 types of chemical raw materials alone More than 40 types of chemical drug formulations, totaling over 4000 varieties; There are more than 5000 kinds of traditional Chinese patent medicines and simple preparations in China. The control method of exhaust gas generated in pharmaceutical industry production is mainly achieved by utilizing physical and chemical properties (such as solubility, adsorption saturation, dew point, selective chemical reactions, etc.) without relying on intermolecular and intramolecular forces.
The treatment process of pharmaceutical industry waste gas can be mainly divided into four categories based on the treatment mechanism.
(1) When using physical methods to treat exhaust gases Not changing the chemical properties of the exhaust gas substance is simply masking and diluting its odor with a substance, or transferring the exhaust gas substance from the gas phase to the liquid or solid phase. Common methods include masking, dilution, condensation, and adsorption.
(2) The chemical method uses another substance to undergo a chemical reaction with the waste gas substance, changing the chemical structure of the waste gas substance Transform it into non-toxic substances, odorless substances, or substances with lower odor. Common methods include combustion, oxidation, and chemical absorption (acid-base neutralization).
(3) The biological method for purifying inorganic or organic waste gas is based on the mature use of microbial treatment for wastewater. Biological purification is essentially an oxidative decomposition process: active microorganisms attached to porous and moist media use inorganic or organic cyanogens in exhaust gas as energy or nutrients for their life activities Convert into simple inorganic substances or cellular components.
(4) Physical chemistry method is mainly aimed at the characteristics of R-standard exhaust gas, using a series of physical and chemical treatment methods combined with special treatment methods and unconventional treatment methods for deep treatment, in order to achieve high removal rate and harmless R-standard. The currently used simple physical and chemical methods mainly include acid-base absorption, chemical adsorption, oxidation, and catalytic combustion, which are organically combined treatment methods.
